Viral Hepatitis

Viral hepatitis is a group of infections that cause inflammation of the liver. Depending on the type of hepatitis, the infection may be short-term or develop into a chronic condition that can lead to liver damage over time. The most common forms are hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, though other types exist. Some infections resolve on their own, while others can persist for years and increase the risk of cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer.

Viral hepatitis is caused by infection with one of several hepatitis viruses. Each virus affects the liver differently and has unique methods of transmission. Once the virus enters the body, it can trigger inflammation that interferes with normal liver function.

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a short-term liver infection that typically spreads through contaminated food or water. Most people recover completely without long-term liver damage, and vaccination can help prevent infection.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is spread through contact with infected blood and bodily fluids. While some people clear the infection naturally, others develop chronic hepatitis B, which can lead to serious liver complications if left untreated.

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is a bloodborne infection that often causes chronic liver disease. Many people are unaware they have hepatitis C because symptoms may not appear for years.

Hepatitis D and E

Hepatitis D is a less common infection that only occurs in people who already have hepatitis B. Hepatitis E is typically spread through contaminated water and is more common in certain parts of the world.

Many people experience no symptoms during the early stages of infection. When symptoms do occur, they may include fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, pale stools, fever, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

Chronic hepatitis B and C may remain silent for years before causing noticeable symptoms or liver damage.

Viral hepatitis is typically diagnosed through blood tests that detect the virus, evaluate liver function, and determine the severity of infection. Additional testing may include liver imaging, liver elastography, or other assessments to evaluate inflammation, fibrosis, and overall liver health.

At NYGA, our physicians use advanced diagnostic tools to identify the type of hepatitis and develop an individualized treatment plan.

Treatment depends on the type of hepatitis and whether the infection is acute or chronic.

Hepatitis A usually resolves on its own with supportive care. Chronic hepatitis B may be managed with antiviral medications and ongoing monitoring to prevent liver damage. Hepatitis C can often be cured with modern antiviral therapies that achieve high success rates.

NYGA's hepatologists provide comprehensive treatment and long-term follow-up to help patients maintain liver health and reduce the risk of complications.

Vaccination is available for hepatitis A and hepatitis B and is one of the most effective ways to prevent infection. Additional preventive measures include practicing safe sex, avoiding the sharing of needles or personal items that may contain blood, and maintaining proper nutrition and water hygiene when traveling.

You should consider hepatitis screening if you have risk factors such as previous exposure to infected blood, a history of intravenous drug use, certain medical conditions, or a family history of liver disease. Current guidelines also recommend that many adults undergo at least one hepatitis C screening test during their lifetime.

At NYGA, our physicians provide expert care for all forms of viral hepatitis. From screening and diagnosis to treatment and long-term monitoring, we offer comprehensive liver care designed to protect your health and prevent complications.

Schedule an appointment with NYGA today to learn more about hepatitis testing and treatment.